The Segregation Of The United States - 844 Words

The history of our culture has said it is okay to separate individuals based on the color of their skin. However, not all believed that segregation was right when it came to the education system. When the time came to Desegreted School it was meet by resistant, but the effects of this historical movement can still be seen in the 21st century. Segregated schools began in result of the Jim Crow laws, which stated races where to have separate accommodation in public. The Supreme Court in the beginning said that segregation as was legal as long as it was equal. However, when it comes to segregation the truth is nothing about it was truly fair. To separate kids and gives them different learning tools only will hinder one set and have the other set better educated. The end to segregated school came when Oliver Brown was not pleased with his young daughter not be allowed to attend a school that what closer to their home because of her race. Feeling that this was unfair he decided to file a complaint with the Kansas court house. However, the state of kanas did not feel the same way and agreed that the school was right in denying the child into the school. Still not pleased Brown brought the case before the Supreme Court and it was ruled in favor of Brown and said that schools should not be separated. This famous case is known as Brown vs. Board of Education. (CNN) Although the law Desegregation was passed it was not fully supported by all and because of this many children wereShow MoreRelatedSegregation Of The United States1305 Words   |  6 PagesSegregation in the United States, legal or social practice of separating people on the basis of their race or ethnicity. Segregation has been prohibited in the United States since the mid-1960s . All over America there seems to be painfully obvious difference in the school systems which cater to the upper class minority and the ones that serve the lower and middle class minority. There is a strong undercurrent of racial inequality in today s school systems, which negativelyRead MoreSegregation Of The United States1357 Words   |  6 Pagescountry is a great example of segregation because we not only segregate by race, but by gender and sexual orientation as well. America was founded on preconceived expectations of gender and race leading to a segregation of consciousness that structures opinions around the injustices of stereotypes. For years, our country prided itself on being called the melting pot of culture and diversity; when in all honesty, we are not what we claimed to be. The citizens of the United States judge everyone based onRead MoreThe Segregation Of The United States1546 Words   |  7 Pagesof segregation in the United States. A lot has changed in the past fifty years since segregation ended. The United States shifted from arresting African Americans for using â€Å"white only† facilities to integrated schools all over the country. Influential individuals such as Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King Jr helped pave the way for African Americans to live as equals to along with their white counterparts in the United States of America. What is Segregation In 1896 the United States SupremeRead MoreThe Segregation Of The United States2068 Words   |  9 PagesThe United States prides itself as a nation with a government that treats its citizens with equality regardless of race and ethnicity. Based on this country’s legal actions, is that an accurate description? The people of the United States are divided into different groups based on the color of their skin. The divisions created racism and eventually led to segregation. The segregation of African Americans and white people led to the passing of the Jim Crow laws. These laws strengthened Southern segregationRead MoreThe Segregation Of The United States938 Words   |  4 Pagesgroups that human beings can be divided into based on shared distinctive physical traits.† (Mirriam-Webster) However, ideas about race have been altered over time. There have been many laws passed that limit the number of immigrants allowed in the United States. For example, the Johnson-Reed Immigr ation Act of 1924 limited the number of immigrants allowed in the U.S. based on a racial census and completely excluded Asian immigrants. Only 2% of the total number of people of each nationality as of the 1890Read MoreThe Segregation Of The United States1292 Words   |  6 PagesThe Union was in a state of exceedingly high tension as it split into two on the issue of slavery. It was a question of moral integrity and whether it should be allowed to continue. Racism permeated the institution of slavery. The color of a man’s skin did not keep him from fighting for freedom in the wars that took place in America, although it was a way white people sought to justify their mistreatment of them. Slaves were viewed as inferior beings by southern whites and as the abolition movementRead MoreRacial Segregation And The United States2133 Words   |  9 PagesIn the United States, inequalities are an unfortunate evil that resonate throughout low-income individuals and minorities. Thoug h these problems are sometimes viewed as coincidences, in the past and even in the present, there have been legislation put in place that have negatively affected specific populations in the US. Because of the injustices in the system socially constructed ideologies about race, ethnicity, and poverty, and our lacking health care system, many people experience inequalitiesRead MoreRacial Segregation Of The United States1508 Words   |  7 PagesWe have issues. More specifically the United States has issues, continuous and all encompassing issues of racial inequality.The United States is experiencing a outburst of racism, as can be seen from the 2014 killings of two unarmed African-American men, to the brutality of white supremacy in Charleston and the string of arsons in black churches across the South. Of course, it’s nothing new for a nation with a long history of extreme racist violence—the most recent lynching-related death occurredRead MoreRacial Segregation And T he United States2215 Words   |  9 Pages Racial segregation has been embedded in southern society ever since the birth of the America. However, even though documents such as Brown vs. Board of Education and the fourteenth amendment has been instituted into the constitution, we are still facing racial segregation throughout America that is unconstitutional and unjust. The south of America, especially Alabama, are facing several claims of racial tension in their prison system and their way to solve the tension between the black and whiteRead MoreRacial Segregation Within The United States780 Words   |  4 Pagespatterns of residential segregation in their attempts to answer such a question. Massey and Denton explore racial residential segregation in the United States throughout the 20th century. They argue that the making and concentration of the (African American) underclass in inner cities resulted from institutional and interpersonal racism in the housing market that perpetuates already existing racial segregation. Simil arly, Reardon and colleagues conclude that residential segregation by income level occurs

The Definition Of Performance Appraisal Essay - 1034 Words

2.1 Definition of performance appraisal With respect to Scholtes, ( 1993) Performance Appraisal - much have we heard of this word yet many failed to understand what it means. There are various authors, leaders, managers and gurus who have defined PA according to their knowledge. But again, this buzz word appears to be mere a jargon to the ordinary people on the street Probably, the differences in the definition of the word itself are due to the scale of impact it has caused to the people, organization, economy and so forth, individually as defined by (Kumar, 2005; Pettijohn et al., 2001). The existence of the PA principles has been observed since early 1900s (Vance et. al, 1992). At that poi6nt of time, it was designed to support a top-down, control-oriented style of management. Vance (1992, p.315) noted that PA is a control system that is used by almost all organizations to specify the behaviour that employees must perform in accordance with the organizational objectives. It enabled corporations to retain control over their employees, develop the employees, individually as well as team centered and involved the employee in setting goals for the organization (Mount, 1983; Vance et. al, 1992). Furthermore, PA served as a â€Å"tool for managing the effectiveness and efficiency of employees† (Spicer Ahmad, 2006, p.214). According to McGregor (1957) and Banjoko (1982), performance appraisal function can be classified as evaluative and developmental, depending on the intensionShow MoreRelatedPerformance Appraisal1514 Words   |  7 PagesIn an effort to quantify the contributions made by employees to an organisation, Human resource managers carry out what is referred to as performance appraisal. Different scholars have defined performance appraisal differently. Aswatappa, K(2007:226) defines performance appraisal as the assessment of an individual’s performance in a systematic way, the performance being measured against such factors as job knowledge, quality and quantity of output, initiative, leadership abilities, supervision, dependabilityRead MorePerformance Appraisal Should Be Treated As A Manager s Tool1741 Words   |  7 Pagesto deliberate if the performance appraisal should be treated as a manager s tool which can be used to assess and control employees or as a method which allows wor kers to examine their achievement and help them to develop. Both views of the performance appraisal (PA) will be extensively discussed with concrete examples. Introduction According to the Oxford Dictionary the word appraisal can be defined as a formal assessment, typically in an interview, of the performance of an employee overRead MorePerformance Management System1382 Words   |  6 PagesDaniels, Aubrey (4th edition, July 2004).  Performance Management: Changing Behavior that Drives Organizational Effectiveness. Performance management  (PM) includes activities that ensure that goals are consistently being met in an effective and efficient manner. Performance management can focus on the performance of an organization, a department, employee, or even the processes to build a product or service, as well as many other areas. Performance management as referenced on this page is a broadRead MorePerformance Appraisals983 Words   |  4 PagesPerformance Appraisals: Advantages and Disadvantages BUS303: Human Resources Management Instructor: Rhonda Bunce 8/13/12 When doing anything meaningful, humans have a natural desire to know how they are performing. In particular, if they are doing a job, they need to know if they are doing horrible, great, or somewhere in between. One of the best potential ways of providing this feedback is through the use of performance appraisals. By definition, â€Å"performance appraisal is the process throughRead MoreEssay about Comparing Several Performance Appraisal Methods1633 Words   |  7 Pages 1. Definition of Performance Appraisal Performance appraisal (PA) is one of the important components in human resource management. Performance appraisal is a tool to identify employees’ training and development needs. There are two primary purposes of PA, which are the evaluating and development. In conducting appraisal, information of the current skills and job behavior will be recorded, evaluated and trained accordingly to their needs. Through performance appraisal, employees’ motivationRead MoreSouthfield Packaging Case Study Essay1373 Words   |  6 Pages1a) What is your evaluation of the appraisal process (SPR) at Southland Packaging? My initial evaluation of the this process is positive, if both the supervisor and the employee adhered to the guidelines that were to be utilized during the process. The SPR was to last two full hours (not certain it should require this much time) and provide an undisturbed opportunity for the manager and to communicate directly with the subordinate about their level of performance. In turn, it offered the employeesRead MorePerformance Management System : Management929 Words   |  4 PagesWeaveTech Performance Management System Performance management is the process a business uses to assess and determine the efficiency in achieving set objectives. A durable performance management system relies on a trusting relationship between employees and employers. When employees doubt the credibility of employers, they also distrust the results of any performance management metrics that are produced. Inconsistent feedback from management can result in poor performance and cause confusion or resentmentRead More leadership Essay755 Words   |  4 Pages Performance appraisals are conducted yearly for each staff employee. Semiannual or quarterly reviews are recommended to foster better communication between supervisors and employees in assessing progress, jointly developing new plans and objectives, and clarifying expectations for the coming year. This process is designed to improve job understanding, promote more effective job performance, and establish future goals for career growth. Some goals of the performance appraisals are to provide staffRead MoreEvaluating the Appraisal Form Used by a Grocery Retailer Essays986 Words   |  4 PagesWe should be aware that there is no such thing as a universally correct appraisal form. In some cases, a form may emphasize competencies and ignore results. This would be the case if the system adopted a behavior as opposed to results approach to measuring performance. In other words, the form may emphasize developmental issues and minimize, or even completely ignore, both behaviors and results. In such cases, the form would be used for developmental purposes only and not for administrative purposesRead Moreperformance apprisal research paper1283 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Abstract Today performance appraisal has increasingly become part of a more strategic approach to integrating human resource activities and business policies and may now be seen as a generic term convincing a Varity of activities through which organization seek to assess employees and develop their competence, enhance performance and distribute rewards. In this paper that has been investigated effect of performance appraisal practice on employee satisfaction. The objective of this study is to

The Renaissance and its Humanistic Principles Essay Example For Students

The Renaissance and its Humanistic Principles Essay â€Å"How and to what extent did the methods and ideals of Renaissance humanism contribute to the Protestant Reformation? † The renaissance and it’s humanistic principles took form in different ways across Europe. In the Italian states, for example, humanism permeated art, resulting is some of mans greatest works which reflect the artists appreciation of the individual and focus away from god. In northern Europe however, humanists didn’t turn away from god, they instead worked to reform the church and allow for humanistic principles to transfuse religion. The translations of the bible, Erasmus’s writings and protestants rejection of the catholic church’s domination civil society are examples of how humanism infused religion and resulted in the formation of several denominations of Christianity, many of which are still practiced. One attribute of humanism is it’s appreciation of ancient languages and texts. Erasmus subscribed to this philosophy and translated the bible from Latin to Greek thus allowing a broader audience to read the bible and gave people the ability to interpret scripture themselves as opposed to relying on the pope and clergy for biblical interpretations. This empowered the individual (yet another humanistic theme) and weakened the church because many of the church’s practices, such as the 7 sacraments , did not come directly from the bible; people recognized this and a growing resentment of the church formed. Martin Luther expanded on this when he translated the bible into the common German vernacular which opened all literate Christians with the ability to speak German to interpret the bible freely. This opened a Pandora’s box of sorts as more people began to draw their own conclusions about scripture and it’s meanings. The advent of the printing press also contributed to this because bibles became cheaper and more broadly available. The idea that biblical knowledge should be readily available to the population is blatantly humanistic. The Modern Devotion, also known as the Brothers of the Common Life, sparked many reform movements in the sixteenth century, this is because of it’s humanistic attributes. The modern Devotion educated reform minded laity, it emphasized individuality and practical religion, while spreading it’s influence throughout Europe. One student of the Modern Devotion was Desiderius Erasmus, a very influential humanistic thinker who inspired reformists such as Luther and Calvin with his writings, many of which were derived from his time as a student of the Modern Devotion. The influence of humanism on Erasmus and his writings built the foundation for many protestant beliefs. As previously stated, as the number of people with the ability to interpret the bible increased, so did a resentment of the church which had grown into an oppressing political power by the time of the reformation. Protestant religions put more focus on the individuals relationship with god which is exemplified by Martin Luther’s ‘Sola fide’ Belief. ‘Sola fide’ means that only faith in god can earn one eternal salvation. Luther’s beliefs are derived from scripture, Romans 10:13 states, â€Å"For whoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved†. This contradicted the church’s teachings which said, â€Å"For it is through Christs Catholic Church alone, which is the universal help toward salvation, that the fullness of the means of salvation can be obtained. † Although not embraced by the Catholic church, humanistic individualism is shown in Lutheranism and other protestant movements which acknowledged the power of the individual in relation to god and allowed people more political liberty. It was because of the humanistic religious movements of the reformation that different denominations of Christianity exist. The focus on individualism, civil liberty, and the many reform movements of this time are a direct result of the humanistic movement As shown by the work of the Modern Devotion and it’s influences on Erasmus, Erasmus’s teachings and translation of the bible, and the work of protestants like Martin Luther.

The Rise and Fall of Populism Essay Example

The Rise and Fall of Populism Paper The Rise and Fall of Populism The Farmer’s Alliance In the 1880s, as drought hit the wheat-growing areas of the Great Plains and prices for Southern cotton sunk to new lows, many tenant farmers fell into deep debt. Lenders, grain-elevator owners, and others with whom farmers did business were angered. Depression worsened in the early 1890s, and some industrial workers shared different views on labor, trust, and monopolies. If the various alliances between the North and South were able to unite, they would’ve created an astonishing mighty political force. Unfortunately, sectional differences and personality clashes quickly halted this idea. The Saint Louis meeting in 1889 formed a clear idea where certain alliances existed. Clearly, white southerners feared reprisals from landowners, and objected participation by blacks. They also rejected proposals that would have ended secret whites-only activities. Northerners also feared domination by more experienced southern leaders. The Republican Party mostly consisted of Northern farmers who wanted protective tariffs to keep out foreign grain. Democrats, who were mostly white southerners, wanted low tariffs to hold down the costs of foreign manufactured goods. Despite these differences, both parties did favor the governmental regulation of transportation and communications, liberal credit policies, equitable taxation, prohibition of landownership, by foreign investigators, and currency reform. Due to this confidence, the alliances drew more deeply into politics. Farmers had elected a number of officeholders in 1890. Alliance members controlled four governorships, eight state legislatures, forty-four seats in the U. We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise and Fall of Populism specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise and Fall of Populism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise and Fall of Populism specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer S. House of Representatives, and three seats in the U. S. Senate. The Populist movement arose as a revolt against the special privileges of industrialism and the American banking system. The Rise of Populists In the Midwest, Alliance candidates often ran on the independent third-party tickets and achieved some success in Kansas, Nebraska, and the Dakotas. During the summer of 1890, the Kansas Alliance held a â€Å"convention of the people† Formation of the People’s party eventually began to call themselves â€Å"Populists† which derives from the Latin word populus meaning people. This American movement primarily stared to improve conditions for farmers and laborers. The Election of 1892 As the populists won over the state legislature of Kansas in 1890, William Peffer became the partys first U. S. Senator. Due to Peffer’s humorous figure, Easter journalists and politicians viewed the party as a joke. Despite their opinion, the party gained popularity and support. By 1892, the party was ready for independent action. They summoned a People’s party convention in Omaha on July 4 to draft a platform and nominate a presidential candidate. The new party’s platform was one of the most comprehensive reform documents in American history. Corruption dominated the ballot box. More importantly, corruption fostered inequality that threatened to split American society. The Omaha platform claimed â€Å"wealth belongs to him that created it†, and addressed the three central sources of unrest: transportation, land, and money. Populists demanded government ownership of telegraph lines and railroads and urged the federal government to reclaim all land owned for speculative purposes by railroads and foreigners. Others advocated a graduated income tax, postal savings banks, direct election of the U. S. senators, and shorter hours for workers. The party nominated an official founder through a merger of the Farmers Alliance and the Knights of Labor. James B. Weaver of Iowa was a former Union general and supporter of a liberally increased money supply. The Populist campaign roared of colorful speeches from â€Å"Sockless Jerry† Simpson, an unschooled rural reformer, and of Mary Ellen Lease, who urged farmers to â€Å"raise less corn and more hell† The South introduced Charles W. Macune of Texas, Thomas Watson of Georgia, and Leonidas Polk of North Carolina. The vigorous language on the Omaha platform derived from Minnesota’s Ignatius Donnelly, pseudo-scientist and writer of apocalyptic novels. Finally, the campaign presented James Hogg, the three-hundred-pound governor of Texas, and one-eyed Senator, â€Å"Pitchfork Ben† Tillman of South Carolina, who were not dedicated Populists, but rather used the campaigning for their own political needs. James B. Weaver and campaigned for the following:  ·Unlimited cheap silver money (they wanted a rate of sixteen ounces of silver to one ounce of gold)  ·Government ownership of all railroads and telephone companies  ·A graduated income tax Direct election of U. S. senators  ·Single-term limits for presidents  ·Immigration restriction  ·Shorter workdays Although Weaver gathered over a million votes in the 1892 election, and majorities in four states and twenty-two electoral votes, he lost badly. Rural dwellers still had emotional faith in the future. Even though Populists w ere flawed Democrats-they still wanted to fulfill their version of American ideals and stuck with their mistrust of blacks. Millions of people had begun to believe that a cooperative democracy could overcome corporate power. Between 1892 and 1896, however, the party failed to make further gains, in part because of fraud, intimidation, and violence by Southern Democrats. The Depression of 1893 An apparently minor but ominous event occurred shortly before Grover Cleveland took office for the second time in 1893: the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad, one a profitable line, went bankrupt. Due to the heavy borrowing to lay the track and build stations and bridges, ultimately put the company into an unpayable debt. Manufacturers experienced a similar dilemma. McCormick farm machinery factories bought more machines to get more work out of fewer laborers. This strategy, however, only enlarged the debt and increased unemployment. The employers couldn’t pay their creditors. The failure of the National Cordage Company in May 1893 accelerated a chain reaction of business and bank closings. By June, the number of failed banks reached 128. Between 1893 and 1897, the nation suffered the worst economic depression it has ever experienced. The severe depression made Grover Cleveland, from the Democratic Party wildly unpopular. Between 1892 and 1895, New York policeman estimated that twenty thousand homeless and jobless people roamed the city’s streets. As the depression grew, the currency conflict reached a breaking point. The Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 had committed the government to buy 4. 5 million ounces of silver each month. Payment was to be in gold, at the ratio of one ounce of gold for every sixteen ounces of silver. The nation’s gold reserve soon fell below $100 million in early 1893. President Cleveland called a special session of Congress to repeal the Sherman Silver Purchase Act and was actually repealed in late 1893. At about the time Cleveland called the session, doctors had discovered a malignant tumor on his plate that required immediate removal. He kept his illness a secret in fear of the public’s attention. He eventually recovered, but those who knew of his surgery believed it had sapped his vitality. After improving slightly, in 1895, the economy plunged again. Farm income declines, factories closed, and banks that remained open restricted withdrawals. As in most hard times, the depression reached a limit. New gold discoveries in Alaska, good harvests, and industrial growth brought relief. Railroads had been the primary mover of the American economy in the 1850s ,which led to the opening of new markets. By 1890, many companies expanded too rapidly. People also under-estimated their debts driving five-hundred banks and sixteen thousand businesses into failure. Canadian and Russian wheat growers, Argentine cattle ranchers, Indian and Egyptian cotton producers, and Australian wool producers also complicated matters with American farmers. When farmers fell into debt and lost purchasing power, the economic health of railroads, farm-implements, manufacturers, banks and other businesses were affected. Over thirteen hundred strikes and riots took place in 1894, which led to the beginning of the era of protest in 1877. Throughout this time, societies began to establish a new socialist order of justice and inequality. It appealed to intellectuals because it promised an end to class conflict and crude materialism. Coxey’s Army American socialism lacked strong leadership and therefore suffered greatly. In 1894, the American Railway Union elevated a new socialist leader, Eugene V. Debs. Although he was never good at organizing, Debs captivated large audiences with his attacks on the free-enterprise system. Soon enough, however, Debs had to share his attention with a quiet businessman from Massillon, Ohio. Like Debs, Jacob S. Coxey believed the government should issue paper money unbacked by gold. Coxey started an army and gathered recruiters from industrial towns and rural villages. His march on April 30th, expressed the frustration of people seeking relief from uncertainty. The troops main focus was more jobs and better living standards. This group eventually became the Socialist Party by the 1900s. Democratic leaders wanted to destroy the third-party threat. Because of this, many Populists decided to maintain a middle ground between the two larger parties and not merge with either. Inside the Peoples Party, â€Å"mid-roaders† sought to schedule the national convention before those of the Republicans and Democrats. When they lost the fights, fusionists hoped that silver-Democrats would be victorious in the convention. When this happenedwith the nomination of William Jennings Bryan on a free-silver platformmid-roaders found themselves in a difficult spot. The Populists were underfinanced and underorganized in late 1894. Republicans and Democrats took turns to destroy the Populist voting strength. To do so, southern white legislators took steps into preventing all blacks from voting. In 1876, the Fifteenth Amendment prohibited states from denying the right to vote â€Å"on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. † Their second attempt was implying a poll tax eight months before voting, and to prove someone is literate, expecting many blacks to be incapable of such acts. Bryan and the â€Å"Cross of Gold† speech Democrats who were silver supporters went over to the Populists as the presidential elections of 1896 neared. The Democratic convention that year was witness to one of the most famous speeches in U. S. political history. Pleading with the convention not to crucify mankind on a cross of gold, William Jennings Bryan, the young Nebraskan champion of silver, won the Democrats presidential nomination but it presented the Populist party with a serious problem. Should Populists join Democrats in support of Bryan, or should they nominate their own candidate? Many reasoned that supporting a different candidate would split the anti-McKinley vote and guarantee a Republican victory. The Failure of Populism The results revealed that the political stand-off had finally ended. McKinley beat Bryan by over 600,000 popular votes and won in the Electoral College by 271 to 176. McKinley appealed to a wide range of Americans. Conservative Americans feared cheap money and inflation so much that they flocked to McKinley and the Republican camp. Wealthy businessmen in the East dumped about $6–12 million into McKinley’s campaign, making it the fattest campaign fund of any American candidate ever. Some Democrats quite reasonably claimed that McKinley had purchased the White House. McKinley ultimately killed the Populists’ dream of free silver in 1900 when he signed the Gold Standard Act to peg the value of the dollar to an ounce of gold. He also signed the Dingley Tariff in 1897 to set overall tariff rates at about 45 percent. Although Populists and fusion candidates won a few state and congressional elections, the Bryan-Watson ticket of the Populist party polled only 222,600 votes nationwide. Therefore, the Populist crusade collapsed in 1896. Historians regard the election of 1896 as one of the most important elections of the nineteenth century, and certainly the most significant election since the Civil War. First, it represented a victory of urban middle-class Americans over agrarian interests in the West and South. Populism had never really spread into the cities, and Bryan’s appeal for free silver and inflation had alienated even the poorest Americans in the cities who depended on a stable dollar for survival. The Bryan campaign thus marked the last attempt to win the presidency through appeals to rural voters. It also marked the death of the Populist movement, which lost steam when it supported the Bryan campaign, essentially merging with the Democratic Party. Works Cited A People and a Nation. U. S. A: Norton, Katzman, Escott, Chudacoff, Paterson, Tuttle, 1994. Agrarian Distress and the Rise of Populism. United States History. 1 Sep. 2008. http://countrystudies. us/united-states/history-81. htm. Argesinger, Peter H. Populism, Its Rise and Fall. Populism, Its Rise and Fall. 2007. 1 Sep. 2008. http://www. kansaspress. ku. edu/pefpop. html. The Populist Party. 1896: The Peoples Party. 2000. 1 Sep. 2008. ;http://projects. vassar. edu/1896/populists. html;.